摘要：<span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">不銹鋼板材料的耐用性與使用壽命</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">不銹鋼*大的腐蝕問題是點腐蝕特性。微蝕點表現為表面銹蝕，一般被認為對不銹鋼板材的美麗外觀與耐腐蝕性能有要求的應用來說都是不可接受的。從大氣暴露測試程序收集的深度數據的分析來看可以用作不銹鋼板材料的耐久性指南參考要素。需要牢記的是，在點蝕形成穿孔之前，微點蝕的染色可能會在美觀上導致不銹鋼板材受到不利影響。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">影響不銹鋼板耐久性的因素主要有材質、環境和材料的表面光潔度。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">在評估不銹鋼板材料發生點腐蝕的風險時，氯離子含量是*需要考慮到的因素，因為氯離子是具有侵蝕性的環境危害。海洋場地通常是*具侵蝕性的，因此在海洋環境中給出*低的預計耐久性。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">此外還有個酸性條件，有時在工業化環境中發現，酸性環境也會具有明顯的侵略性的。考慮當地微氣候的影響也可能會影響周圍環境對不銹鋼板材的侵蝕效果。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">估計腐蝕坑的滲透時間如下表所示。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">表中所示的點蝕壽命預測是基于線性坑生長速率模型。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"><img width="565" height="141" 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v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" /></span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">海洋和農村地區的樣品具有研磨表面，半工業地點的結果具有沉悶的拋光表面。</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">304</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">不銹鋼類型的</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">1mm</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">穿孔時間和大多數建筑物的預計設計壽命一致。需要注意的是，鐵素體</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">430</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">類型一般不用在建造外部應用。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:small;">&nbsp;</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span>